Question

Bacteria reproduces sexually by
(a) Endospores
(b) Transformation
(c) Conidia
(d) Exospores

Answer 1

Bacteria is a prokaryotic microorganism that is few micrometres in length and consists of numerous shapes that range from spherical to spiral. It is a gram-positive bacteria that cause certain diseases like tetanus, diarrhoea, etc.

Complete answer:
Bacteria reproduce sexually by transformation. The process of reproduction takes place in prokaryotes by certain methods. These organisms include bacteria, archaea and cyanobacteria which are single-celled organisms. The transfer of genetic material between the bacterial cell is known as bacterial conjugation which takes place to direct cell to cell contact or by a connection between two selves which is bridge-like. The pilus involved in the process of conjugation is a parasexual reproduction.
Horizontal gene transfer is composed of transformation and transduction which is a mechanism of not involving a cell to cell contact. The recombination of the genetic material takes place during the bacterial transformation which is connected with the repairing of DNA that gets encoded through numerous bacterial genes. The process of bacterial conjugation can be controlled using plasmid genes which are the copies of plasmid that are spreading between the bacteria. The transfer of host chromosomes to the other parts of the cell does not appear to be bacterial adaptations.

So, the correct answer is 'Transformation'.

Note:
Bacteria have been on the planet for about 3.5 billion years and our oldest known life form on earth. Humans eat some bacteria and most of them are good. They were discovered in 1674 and have a unique shape and are single-celled. Bacteria occur everywhere from bread, yoghurt to inside of the humans.