Question

Bacteria connected with acetogenesis is
A. Streptomonas
B. Clostridium
C. Bacillus
D. Citromonas

Answer 1

Acetogenesis is a stage of anaerobic digestion that refers to the biological reaction of the synthesis of acetate by the reduction of carbon dioxide and organic acids by involving oxidation reactions. It is significant in many biotechnical uses.

Complete answer:
The sequence of processes through which microorganisms break down organic biodegradable matter in the absence of oxygen is called anaerobic digestion. It involves four major processes- Hydrolysis, Acidogenesis, Acetogenesis, and Methanogenesis. This is used to produce biogas that can be used as an energy source.
Acetogenesis is the biological reaction of the formation of acetate by oxidation of the products of acidogenesis by microorganisms. Acetogens are obligate anaerobic bacteria that make use of the Acetyl Co-A pathway for the formation of acetate by sugars or organic compounds. They use chemolithoautotrophic substrates like hydrogen, carbon dioxide, and carbon monoxide as their source of carbon and energy. Homoacetogens are the one that produces only acetate and not other organic compounds. The acetogens simultaneously perform the process of carbon fixation and anaerobic respiration. They have diverse metabolic roles and are found in a variety of habitats. The most significant anaerobic bacteria used as acetogens are- Clostridium, Ruminococcus, Butyrivibrio, and Bacteroides in which Clostridium was the first acetogenic species discovered.

Option B: Clostridium was the first anaerobic acetogenic bacteria discovered. Therefore, this is the correct option.
All the other options are irrelevant.

Hence, the correct answer is option (B)

Note: These four stages of anaerobic digestion work in a sequential manner, such as the product of one step is used as the substrate of the other. The biogas majorly generated is methane, which is the major source of natural gas and greenhouse gas.