Question

ATP is synthesized in
A. Ion channels
B. Plasmalemma
C. F0 Particles
D. F1 Particles

Answer 1

ATP is formed by the process called oxidative phosphorylation which takes place in the mitochondria of the cell.

Complete answer:
The ATP is formed in the process called oxidative phosphorylation or the electron transport chain. In this process, electrons are donated from molecules like NADH and $FADH_2$ which are then transferred in the series of coenzymes and cytochrome. The movement of electrons pumps protons from the matrix into the intermembrane space of the mitochondria this creates a concentration gradient.

The protons can pass down their concentration gradient back into the matrix via ATP Synthase, and this supplies energy to form ATP. Oxygen accepts electrons from the final carrier protein and then reacts with a proton to form a water molecule.

Option A: the ATP is synthesized by the ATP Synthase not the ion channels therefore this is an incorrect option.

Option B: The function of plasmalemma is to protect the cell from the external environment therefore this is an incorrect option.

Option C: FO is a water-insoluble protein with eight subunits and a transmembrane ring. Therefore this is an incorrect option.

Option D: ATP Synthase is located within the thylakoid membrane and the inner mitochondrial membrane. It contains a membrane‐spanning domain, sometimes known as the F0 subunit, and a protrusion that extends into the matrix, the F1 subunit. The F1 subunit of the ATP Synthase is hydrophilic and it is used to produce ATP from ADP and phosphate molecules.

Hence, the correct answer is option (D)

Note: The ATP synthase is a channel attached to the inner mitochondrial membrane, though ATP is produced inside the inner membrane. The ATP is synthesized in the matrix of the mitochondria.