Question

ATP-ADP system was discovered in
A. 1940
B. 1944
C. 1943
D. 1840

Answer 1

ATP-ADP system is present in the inner membrane of Mitochondria which then produces ATP through the chemiosmotic mechanism. This was first proposed by scientist Peter Mitchell.

Complete Answer:
- ATP stands for Adenosine Triphosphate which is an organic compound and hydrotrope that provides energy to drive many processes in living cells, for example muscle contraction, condense dissolution, nerve impulse propagation and chemical synthesis. As ATP is found in all the known forms of life, it is referred as the “molecular unit of currency” of intracellular energy transfer.
- Karl Lohmann was the one who discovered the energy source ATP. He was a German chemist. In 1948, Alexander Todd synthesised ATP chemically. Vladimir Englehart notes in 1935 about the muscle contractions which require ATP.
- When one phosphate group is removed by breaking a phosphoanhydride bond in a process called hydrolysis, energy is released and ATP is converted to ADP which stands for Adenosine diphosphate. Like that, energy is also released when a phosphate is removed from ADP to form AMP, which stands for Adenosine monophosphate.

Hence, the correct answer is option (A). 1940.

Note: ADP which is also called adenosine pyrophosphate (APP) is an important organic compound in metabolism and is essential to the flow of energy in living cells. ADP consists of three important structural components: a sugar backbone which is attached to adenine and two phosphate groups bonded to the 5-carbon atom of ribose. The diphosphate group of ADP is attached to 5’ carbon of the sugar backbone, whereas, the adenosine attaches to the 1’ carbon.