Question

Assertion : Trans-pent-2-ene is polar but trans-but-2-ene is non-polar.
Reason : The probability of cis-isomer is more than trans-isomers, which is either non-polar or less polar.
(A) Both assertion and reason are correct and the reason is the correct explanation of the assertion.
(B) Both assertion and reason are correct but reason is not the correct explanation of the assertion.
(C) Assertion is correct but reason is incorrect
(D) Both Assertion and Reason are incorrect.

Answer 1

Hint : To answer this question, we first need to understand what polar compound is. As a result of interacting with atoms like nitrogen, oxygen, or Sulphur, polar compounds have distinct positive and negative charge areas. The polarity or charge that the molecules carry causes them to behave differently than nonpolar substances in particular situations.

Complete Step By Step Answer:
Isomer – Isomers in chemistry are molecules or polyatomic ions that have the same molecular formula — that is, the same number of atoms of each element — but different atomic configurations in space. Isomerism refers to the existence or potential of isomers. Isomers don't always have the same chemical or physical properties as one another.
Cis-Trans isomer – The atoms in cis-trans isomers have various spatial configurations in three-dimensional space, which is a kind of stereoisomerism. In organic chemistry, cis isomers have functional groups on the same side of the carbon chain, whereas trans isomers have functional groups on opposing sides.
Both organic and inorganic compounds can exhibit this type of isomerism. The prefixes "cis" and "trans" are Latin in origin and mean "this side of" and "other side of," respectively. There are also cis-trans isomers in some coordination complexes.
Trans-but-2-ene is non-polar, whereas trans-Pent-2-ene is polar.
The cis-isomer has a higher likelihood than the trans-isomer, which is either non-polar or less polar.
Both assertion and reason are correct but reason is not the correct explanation of the assertion.
In trans-pent-2-ene, the vector sum of all polar bonds is not zero, but in trans-but-2-ene, it is.
The center of inversion is found in trans-but-2-ene. As a result, it is naturally symmetrical.

So, the final answer is option (B) Both assertion and reason are correct but reason is not the correct explanation of the assertion.

Note :
The physical properties of the cis-trans isomers of a molecule differ in many circumstances. Changes in the dipole moment of the molecule or variances in the spatial arrangement of atoms might cause these differences. Because their bond dipole moments are on opposite sides, the individual bond dipole moments in trans isomers cancel each other out. The steric interaction of the substituents explains why the cis isomers of acyclic systems are less stable than the trans variety.