Question

Assertion:Simple distillation can help in separating a mixture of propan-1-ol (boiling point ${97^ \circ }{\text{C}}$) and propanone (boiling point ${56^ \circ }{\text{C}}$).
Reason:Liquids with a difference of more than ${20^ \circ }{\text{C}}$ in their boiling points can be separated by simple distillation.
A) Both assertion and reason are correct and reason is the correct explanation for assertion.
B) Both assertion and reason are correct but reason is not the correct explanation for assertion.
C) Assertion is correct but reason is incorrect
D) Both assertion and reason are incorrect

Answer 1

To solve this we must know that simple distillation is a process in which two liquids that have different boiling points can be separated. For the components that have significant differences in their boiling points simple distillation is used. Simple distillation is also used when small impurities are present in the liquids.

Complete solution:
The process of simple distillation is used to separate two liquids which have different boiling points. The compounds boil and turn into vapours at their respective boiling points. The vapours can then be condensed and collected to obtain a pure liquid.
We are given a mixture of propan-1-ol which has a boiling point ${97^ \circ }{\text{C}}$ and propanone which has a boiling point ${56^ \circ }{\text{C}}$.
Simple distillation technique is used for separating components that have a difference of more than ${20^ \circ }{\text{C}}$ in their boiling points.
The difference in boiling points of propan-1-ol and propanone is ${41^ \circ }{\text{C}}$. Thus, propan-1-ol and propanone can be separated by simple distillation.
Thus, the statement ‘simple distillation can help in separating a mixture of propan-1-ol (boiling point ${97^ \circ }{\text{C}}$) and propanone (boiling point ${56^ \circ }{\text{C}}$)’ is correct.
Thus, the assertion is correct.
Thus, the statement ‘liquids with a difference of more than ${20^ \circ }{\text{C}}$ in their boiling points can be separated by simple distillation’ is correct.
Thus, the reason is correct and it is the correct explanation for assertion.
Thus, both assertion and reason are correct and reason is the correct explanation for assertion.

Thus, the correct option is (A) both assertion and reason are correct and reason is the correct explanation for assertion.

Note: The important thing to be remembered is that simple distillation can help in separating a mixture of liquids that do not react with each other. Fractional distillation is used for the components that do not have wide differences in their boiling points.