Question

Assertion: Gibberellins cause fruits like apple to elongate and improve its shape
Reason: $GA_3$ is used to speed up the malting process in the brewing industry.
(a) both Assertion and Reason are correct and Reason is the correct explanation of the Assertion
(b) both Assertion and Reason are correct but Reason is not the correct explanation for Assertion
(c) Assertion is correct but Reason is incorrect
(d) both Assertion and Reason are incorrect

Answer 1

Hormones that are responsible for delay in ripening are also responsible for improving the shapes of fruits and speeding up the malting process for the brewing industry. The hormone that is being discussed is also responsible for the rapid maturity and elongation of the dwarf.

Complete answer:
Yes, it is true that when gibberellins are added to the fruits they elongate and their shapes are improved. The reason is also true that applying gibberellin can speed up the malting process. Reason does not justify the assertion.

Additional Information:
1. Helps in breaking seed dormant, helps in stem elongation.
2. They are obtained from fungi and not plants.
3. Gibberellin treatments are commercially used in many human foods.
4. Almost 100 types of gibberellins are discovered till now
5. Gibberellins are used to grow parthenocarpic fruits, they are more efficient parthenocarpy inducers than auxins.
6. Gibberellins can start to increase the length of the stem in rosette plants. Bolting is a term used for internode formation and elongation occurring prior to the production of new leaves. Spraying or adding gibberellins to the plants can help promote bolting a rosette just before reproduction.

So, the answer is, ‘Both reason and assertion are true but the reason is not the correct explanation of the assertion’.

Note: gibberellins are the phytohormones that are known to us for the longest time.
Gibberellins were discovered in Japan from the fungus Gibberella fujikuroi.
It causes a foolish seedling disease of rice. E. Kurosawa prepared an extract from this fungus.
Yabuta and sanuki in 1935, isolated this active substance from a fungal extract.