Question

Assertion: For an azeotropic solution, the composition of vapour at its boiling point is the same as that of liquid solution.
Reason: A mixture of benzene and ${\text{CHC}}{{\text{l}}_3}$is an azeotrope.
(A) Statement 1 is True, statement 2 is True; statement 2 is a correct explanation for statement 1.
(B) Statement 1 is True, statement 2 is True; statement 2 is not a correct explanation for statement 1
(C) Statement 1 is True, statement 2 is False.
(D) Statement 1 is False, statement 2 is True.

Answer 1

Hint : A constant boiling point mixture, also known as an azeotrope, is a mixture of two or more liquids whose proportions cannot be adjusted or modified by simple distillation. This is due to the fact that when an azeotrope is cooked, the vapour has the same component proportions as the unboiled combination. Azeotropes are sometimes known as constant boiling point mixtures (particularly in ancient writings) since their composition remains identical after distillation.

Complete Step By Step Answer:
An azeotropic mixture is one in which the vapour and fluid phases have the same concentration. It's essentially a combination made up of two or more liquids. Azeotropic mixes have constant or similar boiling temperatures, and the vapour has the same chemical composition as the liquid. Normally, we distil materials to isolate them as perfect solutions, with one portion being more volatile than the other. However, because the vapour and fluid concentrations are the same in an azeotropic combination, this strategy will prevent their separation.
Two, three, or more azeotropes can be homogeneous or uniform (more than a phase). When a combination is heated in order to form vapour with the same liquid content, azeotrope occurs. When a combination deviates from Raoult's Law, azeotropes develop, and the bubble point and dew point of azeotropes are the same. Azeotropic liquid mixtures are defined as non-azeotropic liquid mixtures in any condition.
The combination of benzene and chloroform is azeotropic. It is a steady boiling mixture whose composition remains consistent during the boiling process. The vapour in such a solution has the same composition as the liquid solution at its boiling point.
Hence option B is correct.

Note :
The addition of a new component or entrainer to the mixture in order to produce a lower boiling azeotrope of the heterogeneous solution with one or more feed components. When two or more azeotropes are combined together, distillation helps to separate them.