Question

Assertion: Azeotropic Mixtures are formed only by non-ideal solutions and they may have boiling points either greater than both the components or lesser than both the components.
Reason: The composition of the vapour phase is the same as that of the liquid phase of an azeotropic mixture.
A. Both Assertion and Reason are the correct and Reason is the correct explanation for Assertion.
B. Both Assertion and Reason are the correct and Reason is not the correct explanation for Assertion.
C. Assertion is correct but reason is incorrect.
D. Both Assertion and Reason are incorrect.

Answer 1

azeotropic mixture is a mixture of liquid which has a constant boiling point because the vapor has the same composition as the liquid mixture. In azeotropic mixture the boiling point may be higher or lower than that of any of its components. There are two types of azeotropic mixture that are positive and negative. The example of positive azeotropic mixture is 95.63% ethanol and 4.37% water by mass. Azeotropic mixture can be separated by distillation methods.

Complete step by step answer:
An azeotrope or a regular boiling point mixture is a mixture of two or more than two liquids whose proportions can't be altered or modified with the aid of simple distillation. This occurs due to the fact whilst an azeotrope is boiled, the vapour has the identical proportions of components because of the unboiled combination. Because their composition is unchanged by distillation, azeotropes are also referred to as (mainly in older texts) constant boiling point combinations.
Some azeotropic combinations of pairs of compounds are known, and lots of azeotropes of 3 or extra compounds also are regarded. In one of these cases it isn't feasible to split the components with the aid of fractional distillation. There are varieties of azeotropes: minimum boiling azeotrope and maximum boiling azeotrope.

Hence the B option is correct.

Additional Information:
A solution that indicates extra fantastic deviation from Raoult's regulation bureaucracy, a minimum boiling azeotrope at a specific composition. For instance, an ethanol–water mixture (acquired through fermentation of sugars) on fractional distillation yields a solution containing at maximum 97.2% with the aid of quantity of ethanol. Once this composition has been finished, the liquid and vapour have the equal composition, and no similar separation occurs. An answer that indicates large negative deviation from Raoultˈs regulation bureaucracy a most boiling azeotrope at a selected composition. Nitric acid and water are an example of this class of azeotrope. In this azeotropic mixture the approximate composition of nitric acid is around 68% and that of water is around 32% by means of mass, with a boiling factor of 393.5 K (120.4 $^\circ$C).

Note: A non ideal solution is a solution which does not follow ideal solutions where the interactions between the molecules are identical that are very close to each other. They can escape, that is the molecules in non ideal solutions can escape easily. There are two types of non ideal solutions: there is one which shows positive raoult law and another one shows negative raoult law.