Question

Assertion: Ascomycetes fungi produces asexual spore which are called ascosopore.
Reason: Ascospores are produced endogenously in sacs like asci.
A. Both Assertion and Reason are correct and Reason is the correct explanation for the Assertion.
B. Both Assertion and Reason are correct and Reason is not the correct explanation for the Assertion.
C. Assertion is correct but Reason is incorrect.
D. Assertion is incorrect and Reason is correct.

Answer 1

Fungi are ubiquitous i.e. they are found in almost every habitat. There are more than 100,000 species of fungi and a few forms are aquatic also. They reproduce through all the methods i.e. vegetative, asexual and sexual.

Complete answer:
Ascomycetes are also called sac fungi. They include powdery mildews, yeasts, cup fungi, morels and truffles. The mycelium consists of a septate hyphae. They have a cell wall containing chitin of fungal cellulose.
The common mode of asexual reproduction in majority of Ascomyctes, is through the formation of conidia, formed in chains exogenously. Conidia are borne on branched or unbranched hyphae called conidiophores. They form new mycelia after detaching from the parent thallus.
Sexual reproduction is through ascospores, which are formed endogenously in sac-like structures called ascus.
The gametes involved in sexual reproduction are non-motile, compatible and are generally represented as + and -. The fusion of gametes is followed by reductional division that produces ascospores which on germination give rise to new mycelium.
The asci may get aggregated into specific fructifications called ascocarps or may occur freely. Ascocarps are of many types: apothecium or cup like, (for example in Peziza), perithecium or flask shaped, (for example in Neurospora), and cleistothecium or rounded closed (for example, Penicillium). The fructifications of some Ascomycetes are edible, e.g. morels, truffles, etc.
Yeast, Penicillium, Aspergillus, and Claviceps are common examples.
Motile structures do not appear in the life cycle of members of Ascomycetes.
So, the correct answer is “Option D”.

Note: Fungi are classified into four major groups- Phycomycetes, Zygomycetes, Ascomycetes, and Basidiomycetes, on the basis of vegetative structure, morphology of reproductive structures, types of meiospores, life cycle, physiology and biochemistry.