Question

ASSERTION: Abdominal pain is a symptom of typhoid.
REASON: Rashes on the stomach and diarrhea are symptoms of typhoid.
(a) Both Assertion and Reason are correct and Reason is the correct explanation for Assertion.
(b) Both Assertion and Reason are correct but the Reason is not the correct explanation of Assertion.
(c) Assertion is correct but Reason is incorrect.
(d) Both Assertion and Reason are correct.

Answer 1

Typhoid is an acute bacterial infection spread through contaminated water and food. It mainly affects the abdomen and intestine where the process of digestion and absorption takes place.

Complete answer:
Typhoid spreads through the bacterium Salmonella typhi, which is a gram-negative anaerobic flagellate bacillus. Symptoms include high fever, weakness, abdominal pain, headache, rashes, constipation, leucopenia, and bradycardia. In severe cases ulceration in the intestinal wall takes place which leads to death. Multiplication of typhoid bacteria takes place in the spleen, intestine, and ileum.

Additional Information: Typhoid diagnosed by Widal test through antigens O, A, and B. Treatment of typhoid includes activated and inactivated vaccine which works as an immunity booster, inactivated toxin useful for children below two years old and activated toxin useful for the age greater than two years old. Antibiotics like ampicillin and chloramphenicol are also useful to resist the growth of bacteria inside the body. A healthy person recovers fast if they get infected but in the case of a weak person, treatment takes a long time. To remove the source of infection surgical removal of the gallbladder also takes place. If a person is not able to recover, the infection becomes more serious from time to time and this leads to death. Prevention from typhoid disease includes personal hygiene, proper washing, and cooking of food, and while traveling it is important to only use packed food and water.
So, the correct answer is Both Assertion and Reason are correct and Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion.

Note: Annually nearly 2.5 million people suffer from this disease which leads to an average death of 180000 people per year. Some people are carriers of this disease which does not lead to the occurrence of symptoms. Mary Mallon is a common example of a person who is a carrier of typhoid for several years.