Question

Asexual reproduction is related to
(a) Amphimixis
(b) Agamospermy
(c) Vegetative propagation
(d) Both (b) and (c)

Answer 1

A type of reproduction that occurs without the fusion of two gametes is called asexual reproduction. There is no change in the number of chromosomes in this type of reproduction.

Complete step by step answer:
Some of the types of asexual reproduction are Agamospermy and Vegetative Propagation, both are seen in the plant species. Agamospermy refers to the formation of seed without any fusion of gametes. Asexual seeds of agamospermy, also known as apomictic seeds, propagate the plant specie. The embryo of the plant is produced by the integuments of the female gametophytes. Similarly, vegetative reproduction is a type of asexual reproduction where the plant growth happens without fertilization of the ovary. Formation of new plants occurs from the parts of the plant other than flowers, that is through roots, stems, leaves, and bulbs.
- Examples of agamospermy are mango, citrus, Datura, and maize.
- Examples of vegetative reproduction are ginger, potato, onion, and garlic.
- Amphimixis refers to the fusion of gametes to form a zygote. It is a type of sexual reproduction.
- The types of vegetative reproduction are grafting, cutting, budding, tissue culture, etc.
- In vegetative propagation and agamospermy the number of chromosomes of the daughter cell remains the same as in the mother cell.
So, the correct answers are ‘both (b) and (c) ’.

Note: Apomictic seeds are seeds that are not produced through fertilization. They can be produced from the somatic cells of the plants. Some germ cells which do not undergo cell division in a sexual plant yet form a seed can be considered as asexual seed. Integuments of the female gametophyte are the outer layers of the ovary of the plant.