Question

Arrangement of ovules in the ovary is
A. Aestivation
B. Placentation
C. Both (A) and (B)
D. All of the above

Answer 1

Ovary in flowering plants is known to produce ovules that are located inside the gynoecium. These ovules are attached through funiculus (stalk-like structure) to the placenta in the ovary. The ovules produce and store the female reproductive cells.

Complete answer:
Option (A) is incorrect. Aestivation is the term which is known to represent the mode of arrangement of floral parts i.e., petals, sepals within the floral bud before it opens. It consists of five main types: valvate, twisted, imbricate, vexillary, and quincuncial aestivation.
Option (B) is correct. The term placentation most commonly refers to the arrangement of ovules within the ovary. Five patterns of placentation occur in flowering plants i.e., axile, marginal, parietal, basal, and free central placentation.
Option (C) is incorrect. Both aestivation and placentation cannot be correct because both these terms have different meanings i.e., aestivation represents the mode of arrangement of petals and sepals within the floral bud while placentation refers to the arrangement of ovules within the ovary. Aestivation does not involve the arrangement of ovules; hence, it cannot be correct. Only the placentation term is correct for this type of arrangement.
Option (D) is incorrect. All of the above options cannot be correct because of only the term placentation that best suits the arrangement of the ovules in the ovary.

Hence, the correct option is (B).

Additional information:
Five types of placentation are:

Axile placentation: In this type, the carpels are known to fuse to form the septum that forms a central axis to which ovules are attached. Example: lemon, tomato.
Marginal placentation: In this type of placentation, the placenta forms a ridge along the ventral side of the ovary and the ovules are attached along the ridge in the form of a straight line or a series of rows. Example: pea.
Parietal placentation: In this type of placentation, there is the formation of a false septum, and the ovules are attached directly to the ovary wall and also line the cavity of the ovary. Example: cucumber.
Basal placentation: In this, only a single ovule is attached through the funiculus to the base of the ovary. Example: sunflower.
Free central placentation: It resembles the axile placentation, however, the septum is absent in this type of placentation. Example: primrose.

Note: Placentation is the characteristic of flowering plants i.e., angiosperms where the ovules are arranged within the ovary in different types. The connection of ovules to the placenta provides its connection with the ovary walls as well as nutrition to the developing seed.