Question

Arrange the following steps of a scientific study in chronological order.
a. Observation
b. Experiment
c. Collection of data
d. Conclusion of outcome

A. a, c, b, d
B. a, b, c, d
C. a, d, b, c
D. None of the above

Answer 1

Hint:- Scientific method is the problem solving approach of science. It is used in all branches of science i.e. - physics, chemistry and biology. The scientists of all these fields perform certain tests and find out the logical reason behind the problem.

Complete answer:- The study of biology usually starts with an observation. A biologist observes something and then starts his research on that. For example, a marine biologist will first observe that the coral reefs of his fields are bleaching or turning white and then he may try to understand the reason behind it.
The scientific method involves planning and performing an experiment. It involves various steps and the main steps are observation, collection of data, performing the experiment and concluding the outcome.
A hypothesis is a potential answer that can be tested. It may or may not be the right explanation but it’s a possible explanation that we can test to see if it's correct or not. It is usually written in terms of cause and effects and it helps in describing the relationship between two phenomena.
Conclusion is the final step that tells whether the hypothesis proposed is accepted or not. The hypothesis may or may not be accepted at the end and it depends upon the results of the experiment done.

Note:- While designing any experiment certain variables are controlled and measured. These variables can be of three types- controlled, dependent and independent variables. Controlled variables are the ones that are kept constant in the experiment and they don’t interfere with the test. Dependent variables depend on independent variables that are controlled by the researcher.