Question

Arrange the following in order of increasing kinetic energy of their particles.
Mercury, Stone, Oxygen.
A. Oxygen > Stone > Mercury.
B. Oxygen > Stone < Mercury
C. Oxygen < Stone > Mercury
D. Stone< Mercury < Oxygen

Answer 1

Kinetic energy is the energy possessed by an object when it’s in motion. Kinetic energy of the particles is inversely proportional to intermolecular force of attraction Gas particles are in random motion so intermolecular force of gases are less compared with solids and liquids.

Complete answer:
Kinetic theory of gases explains overall properties of gases, such as pressure, temperature, or volume, by considering their molecular composition.
Solids have the lowest kinetic energy so vibrate very less than Liquids, so the lowest kinetic energy will be possessed by stone. Then we come on to Liquids which have more kinetic energy, according to that mercury will have more kinetic energy than stone. Lastly Gases have the most kinetic energy than the former solid and liquid so we can say that oxygen will have the highest kinetic energy out of all the three given options.
The kinetic energy of gases is maximum because their intermolecular force of attraction is minimum and kinetic energy is minimum in solid
Hence the correct answer to this question is option “D”.

Additional information:
Chemists divide energy into two category.one is Kinetic energy it is a energy possessed by an object in motion. The earth revolving around the sun, you walking down the street, and molecules moving in space all have kinetic energy
Kinetic energy is due to an object’s motion whereas potential energy is due to an object’s state. Velocity is an important thing while calculating an object’s kinetic energy. However, velocity has nothing to do with an object’s
The kinetic theory of matter helps us to explain why matter exists in different phases and how matter can change from one phase to the other phase. The kinetic theory of matter also helps to understand other properties of matter.

Note: Energy can neither be created nor be destroyed, kinetic energy is the work that a body requires to accelerate from rest to a certain velocity. This energy is constant unless the speed of the body changes. It depends upon the object and the frame of reference. It can also transfer from one object to another. Kinetic energy describes how matter exchanges amongst different phases.