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Question: Arrange \(HCl{O_3}\) , \(HBr{O_3}\) , \(HI{O_3}\) in order of acidic strength. A.\(HCl{O_3} > HBr{...

Arrange HClO3HCl{O_3} , HBrO3HBr{O_3} , HIO3HI{O_3} in order of acidic strength.
A.HClO3>HBrO3>HIO3HCl{O_3} > HBr{O_3} > HI{O_3}
B.HBrO3>HIO3>HClO3HBr{O_3} > HI{O_3} > HCl{O_3}
C.HIO3>HBrO3>HClO3HI{O_3} > HBr{O_3} > HCl{O_3}
D.HClO3>HIO3>HBrO3HCl{O_3} > HI{O_3} > HBr{O_3}

Explanation

Solution

Binary acids are molecular compounds in which hydrogen combines with another non-metallic element. These acids include HCl,HBr,HF,HIHCl,HBr,HF,HI . HFHF is a weak acid while all others are strong acids.

Complete step by step answer:
Chlorine, bromine and iodine all belong to the same group(halogen group). In the periodic table as we go down a group, atomic size increases and electronegativity decreases.
Electronegativity is the measure of ability of an atom to pull electrons towards itself.
The strength of an acid is determined from its ability to donate H+{H^ + } ions. The above given acids have the structure-

All the above given acids are monobasic acids. They can give one H+{H^ + } ion in solution. Now in the above acids the weaker the −O−H - O - H bond the more easily H+{H^ + } ions can ionize in water and stronger will be the acid.
In all the above acids we can see that the hydrogen is attached through oxygen to the electronegative atom like chlorine, bromine and iodine. Electronegativity value plays a major role here. Amongst them chlorine has highest electronegativity. So it will pull the electrons of −O−H - O - H bond more strongly towards itself making hydrogen electron deficient. So H+{H^ + } ion will be lost easily making HClO3HCl{O_3} stronger acid amongst others.
Amongst the three halogen, bromine has electronegativity value less than chlorine and iodine has the least electronegativity value. The hydrogen in HIO3HI{O_3} will be least acidic since iodine being the least electronegative among the three will not be able to pull the electrons as strongly as in HClO3HCl{O_3} and HBrO3HBr{O_3} . So HIO3HI{O_3} will be least acidic. And HBrO3HBr{O_3} will have acidic strength more than HIO3HI{O_3} but less than HClO3HCl{O_3} .
The order of acidic strength will be-
HClO3>HBrO3>HIO3HCl{O_3} > HBr{O_3} > HI{O_3}
So the correct option is A.

Note: The strength of an acid varies depending on the solvent in which it is dissolved. Acidic strength is inversely proportional to the basic strength. Acid which is strong in water may be weak in less basic solvent and vice-versa.