Question

Annealing is done to:
A. Increase brittleness
B. Increase transparency
C. Decrease brittleness
D. Increase refractive index

Answer 1

Annealing is a major step or process in Polymerase chain reaction. PCR is a process where Double-stranded DNA is converted or polymerase into copies of similar strands or DNA. There are three steps involved in PCR- first step is Denaturation, then second is Annealing and last step is extension. We will discuss annealing in detail.

Complete answer:
Option A: Increase brittleness- annealing is a heat degenerating process. Where it hits below the melting point of the DNA strand because if the brittleness will increase it cannot separate the strands.
Option A is not the correct answer.
Option B: Increase transparency- as an annealing process is used to divide the two strands of DNA for further step that is extension. No transparency is required.
Option B is not the correct answer.
Option C: Decrease brittleness- annealing is heating the strands below the melting point just so that both the strands just separate.
Option C is the correct answer.
Option D: Increase refractive index- id the strands started melting the PCR process cannot take place.
Option D is not the correct answer.

Therefore, Option C is the correct answer.

Note:
As we know that, apart from the annealing process, there are two other processes: denaturation and extension. In one PCR cycle strands extracted can be $24 - 30$. Denaturation is the process of breaking cell materials in order to reach until the chromosomes are seen. Extension is the last step where primers add the template strands to the DNA strands.