Question

Androgenic haploids are useful in plant breeding so as
A) To produce better hybrids
B) To produce homozygous organisms
C) To produce pathogen-free organisms
D) None of the above

Answer 1

Haploid production through a culture has been referred to as Androgenises. The androgenetic method of haploid production is from the male gametophyte of an angiosperm plant that is microspore young pollen grains produced androgenic haploids in anther cultures while anther wall, a tapetal layer of anther wall, and connective tissue are the parts of the anther. The Tapetal layer is the nutritive tissue.

Step by step answer: Haploid plants originate from gametes that do not go through fertilization but can still generate a viable individual.
-Option A: To produce better hybrids: Androgenic haploids are not used to produce better hybrids. Hybrid seeds are produced by cross-pollinated plants. Hybrids are chosen to improve the characteristics of resulting plants.
-Option B: To produce homozygous organisms: Haploid plants are useful in plant breeding. Haploids can be used to generate genetic homozygotes by one generation doubling of chromosomes using Colchicine. Colchicine the chromosomes numbers can be easily doubled using Colchicine. Anther culture is done for the production of haploids because anthers contain haploid microspores which can be used to generate new plants. Such haploids are called androgenic haploids because they have been developed from male gamete producing spores.
-Option C: To produce pathogen-free organisms: Pathogen free organisms is the term which is used for laboratory animals that are guaranteed free of particular pathogens. But androgenic haploids are not used to produce pathogen-free organisms.
Thus, the answer is option B: To produce homozygous organisms

Note: The plant breeding is a very common and useful scientific method of genetic variation. In this method, two or more types of plants go through the crossing and produce a new type of plant breed with the desired combinations.