Question

An ideal gas possess the following properties:
A) The volume occupied by gas molecules is assumed to be zero.
B) Pressure is only because of elastic collisions of molecules with walls of the container.
C) The energy of 1 mol of gas at 273 K is different for different types of gases.
D) The energy of gas depends on the temperature of the sample.

Answer 1

The theory that attempts to elucidate the behaviour of the idea gases is known as kinetic molecular theory of gases. Recall the postulates of Kinetic molecular theory of gases. This theory explains the properties possessed by ideal gases.

Complete step by step solution:
An ideal gas is a hypothetical gas. Its behaviour is described by the assumptions given by kinetic molecular theory of gases. Assumptions or postulates given by kinetic molecular theory of gases are:
- A gas consists of a large number of identical particles (identified as molecules) which are so small and these molecules are far apart from each other.
- Since, the gas molecules are so small in size and so far apart, the volume occupied by the gas molecules is negligible in comparison to the total volume of the gas. Thus, it was assumed that the volume occupied by gas molecules is zero.
- Molecules of the gas are in constant and random motion. During their motion, they collide with one another and with the sides of the container. The pressure of the gas is due to the collisions of gas molecules with the sides of the container.
- Collisions of the gas molecules are perfectly elastic, i.e. there is no loss of energy during collisions or energy is conserved.
- There is no force of attraction or repulsion amongst the gas molecules, i.e. they are moving independent of each other.
- At any instant, average kinetic energy of the gas molecules remains constant for a given temperature, i.e. the average kinetic energy of gas molecules is directly proportional to the absolute temperature of the gas. Therefore, we can also say, the energy of gas depends on the temperature of the sample.
Hence, options A, B and D are among the above explained postulates.

Therefore, options A, B and D are the correct answers.

Note: A gas generally behaves more likely as an ideal gas at high temperature and low pressure. Kinetic theory of gases also allows us to derive theoretically all the gas laws, which are: Boyle’s law, Charles’ law, Gay-Lussac’s law, and Avogadro Law.