Question

An enzyme which changes cane sugar into glucose and fructose is known as:
A.Zymase
B.Maltase
C.Invertase
D.Diastase

Answer 1

Cane sugar is converted to glucose and fructose with the help of Invertase Enzyme. This enzyme catalyzes the hydrolysis or breakdown of cane sugar into fructose and glucose. This enzyme is secreted normally by yeast.

Complete answer:
Cane Sugar is also known as Sucrose. The mixture of glucose and fructose is known as Invert Sugar. The maltase and diastase enzymes are used to convert maltose into glucose. The Zymase enzyme converts glucose and fructose into ethanol and carbon dioxide. And the Invertase enzyme is used to convert sucrose or cane sugar into glucose and fructose.
The reaction takes place as following-
${{C}_{12}}{{H}_{22}}{{O}_{16}}+{{H}_{2}}O\xrightarrow{invertase}{{C}_{6}}{{H}_{12}}{{O}_{6}}(glu\cos e)+{{C}_{6}}{{H}_{12}}{{O}_{6}}(fructose)$

So, the correct option is (C).

Additional Information: Invert sugar is an edible mixture of two simple sugars—glucose and fructose which is made by heating sucrose (cane sugar) with water. It is sweeter than cane sugar, and foods that contain it retain better moisture. Invert sugar is liquid sugar with equal parts of glucose and fructose and the reason behind its being sweeter than cane sugar is because fructose is sweeter than cane sugar.
Honey is also said to be invert sugar but it differs only in the way that it is processed by bees naturally. The mixture of glucose and fructose is known as invert sugar because during the process of hydrolysis the inversion of plane polarized light takes place. Glucose is dextrorotatory in nature i.e. it rotates the plane of polarized light in clockwise direction whereas fructose is laevorotatory i.e. it rotates the plane of polarized light in anti-clockwise direction. The cane sugar which is dextrorotatory on hydrolysis gives dextrorotatory glucose and laevorotatory fructose. The rotation of plane polarized light is more in anti-clockwise direction i.e. the magnitude for laevo rotation is more than the magnitude for dextrorotation so the final rotation of the mixture becomes laevorotatory. So, inversion of the plane of polarized light took place from Dextrorotatory to Laevorotatory on conversion of sucrose into the mixture sugar which is named as invert sugar.

Note:
The chemical formula of glucose and fructose is the same. Cane sugar is also named as sucrose and table sugar. The invert sugar is so named because of the inversion of the plane of polarized light. One can study the function of different types of enzymes and the conversions they bring. In the above reaction Invertase enzyme acts as catalyst i.e. it boosts up the hydrolysis action required for conversion of cane sugar to invert sugar.