Question

Amongst the following statements, that which was not proposed by Dalton was :

• A. chemical reactions involve reorganization of atoms. These are neither created nor destroyed in a chemical reaction.
• B. all the atoms of a given element have identical properties including identical mass. Atoms of different elements differ in mass.
• C. when gases combine or reproduced in a chemical reaction they do so in a simple ratio by volume provided all gases are at the same T & P.
• D. matter consists of indivisible atoms.

Answer 1

Answer: (C)

(3) when gases combine or reproduced in a chemical reaction they do so in a simple ratio by volume provided all gases are at the same T & P.

Answer 2

Statement (1) is consistent with Dalton's theory, as chemical reactions involve the rearrangement of atoms, and the law of conservation of mass (atoms are neither created nor destroyed) is explained by his theory. Statement (2) is a direct postulate of Dalton's Atomic Theory regarding the uniformity of atoms within an element and their distinctiveness between elements. Statement (4) is a fundamental postulate of Dalton's theory, defining atoms as indivisible particles. Statement (3) describes Gay-Lussac's Law of Combining Volumes, which was proposed by Gay-Lussac, not Dalton, although Dalton's theory provides an explanation for it.