Question

AIDS Full form is Acquired immunodeficiency _____________.

Answer 1

AIDS is caused by the HIV (Human immunodeficiency virus). It is a syndrome in which the body loses its ability to fight against infections or it weakens the immune system.

Complete answer:

AIDS stands for Acquired immune deficiency syndrome caused by the retrovirus i.e, HIV.
HIV is a member of genus Lentivirus.
HIV virus belongs to the family Retroviridae.
AIDS is a late stage of infection because a person can live many years after the entry of HIV virus without experiencing any symptoms.
Symptoms can be seen after a long time. If the infection progresses, it increases the risk of other infections too like tuberculosis, tumors, etc.
Modes of spreading:
->HIV spread by-
->Unprotected sex
->Contaminated blood transfusion
->Breastfeeding
->Mother to child during pregnancy
->Hypodermic needles

Mechanism

Virus after entering into the body first enters the macrophages cells (phagocytic cells of the immune system).
Inside the macrophages virus produces viral DNA from its RNA by using the enzyme Reverse transcriptase.
After then the viral DNA integrates itself into the host DNA and starts multiplying with the host DNA by the process of DNA replication.
At the same time viruses get into the T-lymphocytes (White blood cell) and also multiply there in order to form more and more viral progenies.
The cell ruptures and releases viral progenies which then attack other T-lymphocytes.
As a result the number of T-lymphocytes in the body of the affected person decreased and thus decreased the power of the immune system of the affected person as T-lymphocytes and B-lymphocytes with other immune cells responsible for the proper functioning of the immune system.

So, AIDS full form is Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome.

Note: Immune system is a complex system which provides protection to the body against infection. It is a system of many cells, and proteins that work together to defend the body. The immune system also has memory cells which keep a record of every microbe that entered the body so that it can recognise and destroy that particular microbe when it enters the body again.