Question

AIDS disease was reported first in
A. Russia
B. Germany
C. France
D. USA

Answer 1

AIDS stands for acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. It is a chronic human immunodeficiency virus disease which can be life-threatening (HIV). HIV disrupts the body’s ability to resist infection and causes disease by suppressing the body's immune system.

Complete answer: The virus species known as retroviruses are members of HIV. HIV is a retrovirus that primarily colonizes the human immune system components such as $CD4+\text{ }T$ cells, macrophages and dendritic cells. It destroys $CD4+\text{ }T$ cells, both directly and indirectly. It is known as an HIV infection (human immunodeficiency virus). $CD4+\text{ }T$ cell count in AIDS is below $200\text{ }cells\text{ }per\text{ }\mu L$. In 40-90 percent of cases, following symptoms occur which most commonly include fever, large tender lymph nodes, inflammation of the throat, rash, headache, fatigue, and mouth and genital sores. AIDS was first seen clinically at Nick Rock in New York City in 1981. It was estimated that 121 people died of AIDS by the end of 1981. The virus prompted the discovery of AIDS in 1983. The number of cases of AIDS and deaths among people rose steadily during the 80s, following a significant decline in new cases at the end of the 90s, after the first AIDS cases were registered in the United States in June 1981.
Hence, the correct answer is option D.

Note: The HIV is transmitted predominantly by unprotected intercourse, contaminated blood transfusions, hypodermic needles and by pregnancy, or breast-feeding from mother to baby. Body fluids such as saliva, sweating and tears do not transmit the infection. Safe sex, needle exchange programs, pre and post-exposure prophylaxis are preventive approaches. By supplying antiretroviral medicines to both the mother and the child, the transmission of the disease to the baby can also be avoided.