Question

ADH deficiency shows, the following condition
A. Polydipsia
B. Polyuria
C. Glucosuria
D. Both A and B

Answer 1

Antidiuretic hormones secreted by hypothalamus can cause diabetes insipidus. In this disorder, the amount water is higher in blood that results in increased urination. It simultaneously increases the thirst of the person which results in polydipsia. Glycosuria is observed when excessive amounts of glucose is present in urine.

Complete answer:
ADH refers to the antidiuretic hormone. It is the hormone which helps our kidneys to manage the amount of water in our body. ADH test is done to measure the amount of ADH in our blood. Some other tests are done to check the reason behind the deficiency or increase in this hormone. It is also called as arginine vasopressin. Hypothalamus in the brain produced by hypothalamus and stored in the posterior pituitary. It also regulates the amount of water in the kidneys. Increase in the volume and pressure of the blood observed due to the increase in the water concentration of the body. Deficiency of ADH may be caused by compulsive water drinking or low blood serum osmolality. ADH deficiency can cause water metabolism disorder that is diabetes insipidus. Central diabetes insipidus is observed by the decrease of ADH. Symptoms include excessive urination, which is called polyuria. It is also followed by extreme thirst, which is called polydipsia. Sleep of the person also interrupted due to need to urinate. Glucosuria is the disorder when glucose is present in the urine which results from glomerular filtration of more glucose than the renal tubule can absorb. It can occur in all individuals in amounts up to 25 mg/dl. From the above information we know that ADH deficiency shows both polydipsia and polyuria.

So, the correct answer is option D.

Note: Central diabetes insipidus can cause severe dehydration if it is left untreated. It is different from diabetes mellitus which is caused by the deficiency of insulin hormone. Insulin hormone helps in the breakdown of glucose. Increased levels of ADH can cause leukemia, lymphoma, lung cancer, pancreatic cancer, bladder cancer or brain cancer, etc.