Question

Acids when dissolved in __________ dissociates into ions.
(A) Juice
(B) Water
(C) Kerosene
(D) Liquid

Answer 1

To answer this you must know that acids are compounds that react by donating their protons. Here, when we dissolve acid in a certain kind of solution it forms the corresponding anion and hydronium cation. You can use this to answer the given question.

Complete step by step solution:
To answer this, let us start by discussing what acids are and then we will proceed to find the solution to the given question.
Acids are proton donor species. It can donate its proton, hydrogen ions or accept electrons. By accepting electrons from other species, acids are themselves reduced thus, acids are strong oxidising agents.
Some common example of acids that we often come across in chemistry is sulphuric acid $\left( {{H}_{2}}S{{O}_{4}} \right)$, nitric acid $\left( HN{{O}_{3}} \right)$ and many more.
Now let us discuss the question given to us.
When we dissolve acid in water hydrogen ion is released. This hydrogen ion then reacts with water which gives us hydronium ions. We can write the reaction as-
$\begin{aligned} & HCL\to {{H}^{+}}+C{{l}^{-}} \\\ & {{H}^{+}}+{{H}_{2}}O\to {{H}_{3}}{{O}^{+}} \\\ \end{aligned}$
We can see that it dissociates into chloride ions and hydronium ions in water.

Therefore, the correct answer is option (B) Water.

Note: In the discussion above we have discussed acids whose counterpart is a base. A base is a proton acceptor species and it accepts protons and hydrogen ions or can donate electrons. By accepting a hydrogen ion, the base is oxidised and reduces the other species. So, bases are strong reducing agents. There are many theories which describe acids and bases in different ways but generally, we can describe them as above.
The most common type of reaction in chemistry is an acid-base reaction which gives us salt and water as products. For example -
$NaOH+HCl\to NaCl+{{H}_{2}}O$
We have sodium hydroxide which is a base reacting with hydrochloric acid which gives us NaCl that is an ionic compound and thus is referred to as a salt and water is ${{H}_{2}}O$.