Chemistry Question on Aldehydes, Ketones and Carboxylic Acids

Question

Acetophenone when reacted with a base , $C_2 H_5 ONa,$ yields a stable compound which has the structure . The state of hybridisation of S in $SO_2$ is similar to that of

Answer 1

Solution

Aldehydes and ketones with $\alpha$ -hydrogen atom, when reacted with a base yields aldol which on heating loses water molecule to give $\alpha , \beta$ -unsaturated aldehydes or ketones. This reaction is called aldol condensation reaction.