Question

According to Einstein’s theory, what is the relation between mass and energy?

Answer 1

The mass-energy equivalence states that the total energy and momentum will remain constant even though the total mass of a system changes. Let us consider the collision of an electron and a proton. We will note that it destroys the mass of both particles but generates a large amount of energy in the form of photons.

Complete step by step answer:
Mass-energy equivalence implies that every object possesses small energy even in a stationary position. But a stationary object does not have kinetic energy and it possesses potential energy and probable chemical and thermal energy. The sum of all these energies is smaller than the product of the mass of the object and square of the speed of light according to the field of applied mechanics.

Mass-energy equivalence means mass and energy are the same and can be converted into each other. Einstein related the mass and energy accurately using his theory of relativity. The equation is known as Einstein’s mass-energy equation and it is given below.
$E = m{c^2}$
Where $E$ = equivalent kinetic energy of the object, $m$= mass of the object (Kg) and $c$= speed of light (approximately = $3 \times {10^8}\dfrac{m}{s}$)

Note: We generally apply Einstein's theory to understand nuclear fission and fusion reactions. Also, it was revealed that a large amount of energy is liberated during nuclear fission and fusion processes’ using the formula and this phenomenon is used in creating nuclear power and nuclear weapons. The radioactivity of various elements depends on Einstein's theory of mass-energy equivalence. So in many radiotherapy equipment, the above principle is applied. Also, the mass-energy equivalence is used to measure the age of fossil fuels.