Question

Abnormal rise in erythrocyte count is
A. Leucopenia
B. Polycythemia
C. Anaemia
D. Pneumonia

Answer 1

Hint:- Erythrocytes or red blood cells are the most numerous formed elements of the blood and are abundant cells in the human body. These cells also have a red colored oxygen-carrying component called hemoglobin.

Complete step-by-step solution:- A normal healthy man and woman have 5 and 4.5 million red blood corpuscles per cubic millimeter of blood respectively. This is called the total RBC count. This RBC count decreases in anemia.
Anemia may be caused by loss of blood called hemorrhage, destruction of red blood cells called hemolysis, or faulty formation of blood.
During exercise, the RBC count increases to meet the increased demand of oxygen and also at high altitudes to cope with the low oxygen content of the air. Polycythemia is a condition characterized by an abnormal rise in RBC count.
White blood corpuscles are the blood cells that lack hemoglobin. These are far fewer than red blood cells and their number varies from 6,000 to 8,000 per cubic millimeter of blood. This number is called the total count of WBCs. The rise in WBC count is called leukocytosis and it’s a physiological response of the body to various infections. The fall in the WBC count is called leukopenia and it occurs in conditions like folic acid deficiency, infection of AIDS virus, etc.
Pneumonia is a bacterial disease caused by Diplococcus pneumoniae. It is a serious disease of the lungs. In this, lymph and mucus collect in the alveoli and bronchioles of the lungs so that the lungs do not get sufficient air so proper exchange of air doesn’t occur in the alveoli of the lungs. This infection usually lowers the resistance of the body to infections.
Correct option: B. Polycythemia

Note:- Blood is a fluid connective tissue which is formed of watery fluid called plasma and formed elements. An average adult person has about 4-6 liters of blood that forms about 6-10% of the body weight and around 30-35% of the extracellular fluid.