Question

A young boy, when brought a pet dog home, started to complain of watery eyes and running nose. The symptoms disappeared when the boy was kept away from the pet.
A. Name the type of antibody and the chemicals responsible for such a response in the boy.
B. Mention the name of anyone drug that could be given to the boy for immediate relief from such response.

Answer 1

The symptoms such as watery eyes and a running nose are the symptoms of the allergy. An allergy is an immune system response to a foreign substance which will not affect the body. These foreign substances are known as allergens and they include certain foods, pollen, or pet skin.

Complete answer:
The response to the symptoms of the allergy is caused by the IgE type of antibodies and the chemicals like histamine and serotonin are released from mast cells which bring about this response. IgE antibody makes about less than 0.1 % of all the antibodies in the blood. It is located on the mast cells and basophils. It occurs as monomers. It gives protection against the worms and is responsible for allergic symptoms in immediate hypersensitivity reactions.
The drug which responds to the allergic condition is known as antihistamines, adrenaline steroids. Antihistamines are generally for short-term treatment. Antihistamines suppress the response of the histamine like swelling and vasodilation by reducing the activity of the histamine receptor on nerves, vascular smooth muscle, glandular cells, endothelium, and mast cells.

Note: The antihistamine sometimes causes several side effects such as dizziness, dry eyes, blurred vision, constipation etc. The most commonly used antihistamines are Claritin and Zyrtec. The most common type of allergy is hay fever.