Question

(A). What tranquilizers? Write the name of any mild tranquilizer?
(B). How food preservatives work. Give an example of food preservative?
(C). Why do soaps not work in hard water?

Answer 1

Hint: In order to solve the given problem first we will see what are tranquilizers and food preservatives also we will see what are the uses of tranquilizers and food preservatives in our day to day life further we will see the examples of tranquilizers and food preservatives. To solve the third part of the problem we will see the composition of soap which will help us to understand why it does not work in hard water.

Complete step by step solution:

(A). Tranquilizers:
A tranquilizer refers to a medication that is used to relieve distress, fear, stress, agitation and mental disorder, primarily to alleviate distress and stress states. It affects the mechanism of transferring messages from nerve to receptor.
Tranquilizers contribute to slowing down brain activity and relieving overactive nerves. Most drugs in this category are depressants of the central nervous system which slow down all vital functions of the body, including breathing and heart rate.
Benzodiazepines are the main secondary tranquilizers, among them diazepam (Valium), chlordiazepoxide (Librium), and alprazolam (Xanax).
There are examples of iproniazid, phenelzine, equanil, valium, chlordiazepoxide, veronal, meprobamate and serotonin.

(B). Food preservatives are compounds which can prevent, delay or interrupt the process of fermentation, acidification or other decomposition of food by the growth of microbes when added to food.
Alimentary preservatives work either by physical or chemical processes. Physical solutions include heat replacement / elimination, water reduction, or irradiation.
Chemical approaches include adding sugar / salt / vinegar, or other additives such as sodium benzoate, sorbic acid salts, and propionic acid.

(C). Soaps do not function in hard water, since there are calcium and magnesium ions in hard water. For these ions, Soap reacts to absorb calcium and magnesium salts that are insoluble in soil, which absorb oily scum. This adds to soap wastage and it even destroys fabric fabrics.

Note: Food preservation prevents the growth of microorganisms, including other microorganisms, and delays the degradation of rancid-causing fats. Food preservation can also require processes that prevent visual degradation, such as the enzymatic browning reaction of apples after being sliced during the preparation of the fruit.