Question

a) What is the El Nino effect? Explain how it accounts for biodiversity loss.
b) Explain any three measures that you as an individual would take to reduce environmental pollution.

Answer 1

Hint:-
The adverse climatic changes that the world is facing and is going to face in the future is going to be fatal. We humans are to be blamed for the destructive effects of the future calamities due to phenomenons like the El-Nino. The El-Nino effect adds to the progression of global warming.

Complete step-by-step solution:-
The region of the equator receives the maximum heat from the sun. When water in the water bodies across the equator gets heated up, the surface of the oceans turn warm which in return warms the atmosphere further. This is the basic concept of the El-Nino effect.
The El-Nino effect also bears complications such as rainstorms. The heating up of the atmosphere makes it moisture laden. This moisture laden air rises and leads to rainstorms.
The Pacific Ocean is heated periodically, every few years. At this time of the year, the storm building capacity increases. The areas affected involve the central equatorial Pacifics mostly.
Talking of the effects of El-Nino on the climate of India, it tends to decrease the monsoon rainfall. The effects of El-Nino involve an increase in the temperature of the surroundings. This rise in temperature is responsible for the increasing health issues like those related to the heat stress.
These render it necessary to take strict steps to prevent further damage to the environment. For this, our individual contributions are most crucial to prevent future threats.
Few suggestions are as follows:
- Plant as many trees as one can. Conserve all kinds of energy (fuel, electricity) when not in use.
- All types of pollution should be kept as low as possible by not polluting water bodies, using high chimneys, reducing factory wastes, reducing plastic waste and proper disposal of medical waste, etc.
- Educate the mass population to follow the same measures.

Note:-
If these phenomenons keep progressing at the current rate, it would become impossible to reverse the change in the climatic patterns.
El-Nino effect majorly contributes to global warming and the increasing temperature of the earth.
It is a preventable crisis, if proper steps are taken at an early stage.