Question

A temporary endocrine gland formed in ovary after ovulation is
A. Corpus uteri
B. Corpus albicans
C. Corpus callosum
D. Corpus luteum

Answer 1

Endocrine system consists of glands which produce hormones. Hormones are chemical messengers. Endocrine glands secrete their hormones directly into the bloodstream.

Complete answer:
A temporary endocrine gland formed in the ovary after ovulation is Corpus luteum. It is a yellow color mass of a cell that forms in the ovary. It produces hormones estrogen and during early pregnancy it produces progesterone. Progesterone causes changes in the uterus essential for implantation of the fertilized ovum. If the fertilization does not occur, the corpus luteum begins to shed causing a decline in estrogen and progesterone levels leading to the start of another menstrual cycle. Therefore, it is also an important factor to determine the pregnancy.
Menstrual cycle has three vital phases:

Follicular phase
Ovulatory phase
Luteal phase
Understanding these phases in a bit detail, follicular phase- it begins when estrogen levels are low. Cells around the egg start growing in size which causes the uterine line to thicken.
Ovulatory phase- After 3-4 days follicle ruptures releasing the ova into the fallopian tubes.
Luteal phase- the empty follicle changes to a yellow color and becomes Corpus luteum.
Therefore, luteal phase marks the formation of Corpus luteum.

Hence, the correct answer to this question will be option ‘D’- Corpus luteum.

Note: Corpus luteum is an important factor that enables pregnancy to occur. It is supported by the pregnancy hormone human chorionic gonadotropin. It begins to decrease in size later during the pregnancy. Sometimes, Corpus luteum is filled with a fluid which results in formation of cysts in the ovary also known as ovarian cysts. They have painful symptoms. They can go away on their own or sometimes may require treatment.