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Question

Mathematics Question on Variance

A random variable X has the following probability distribution:X-2-1012
P(X)0.20.10.30.20.2

The variance of X will be:

A

0.1

B

1.42

C

1.89

D

2.54

Answer

1.89

Explanation

Solution

Variance is calculated as:

Var(X)=E(X2)[E(X)]2.\text{Var}(X) = E(X^2) - [E(X)]^2.

First, calculate E(X)E(X):

E(X)=XP(X)=(2)(0.2)+(1)(0.1)+(0)(0.3)+(1)(0.2)+(2)(0.2).E(X) = \sum X \cdot P(X) = (-2)(0.2) + (-1)(0.1) + (0)(0.3) + (1)(0.2) + (2)(0.2).

E(X)=0.40.1+0+0.2+0.4=0.1.E(X) = -0.4 - 0.1 + 0 + 0.2 + 0.4 = 0.1.

Next, calculate E(X2)E(X^2):

E(X2)=X2P(X)=(2)2(0.2)+(1)2(0.1)+(0)2(0.3)+(1)2(0.2)+(2)2(0.2).E(X^2) = \sum X^2 \cdot P(X) = (-2)^2(0.2) + (-1)^2(0.1) + (0)^2(0.3) + (1)^2(0.2) + (2)^2(0.2).

E(X2)=4(0.2)+1(0.1)+0(0.3)+1(0.2)+4(0.2)=0.8+0.1+0+0.2+0.8=1.9.E(X^2) = 4(0.2) + 1(0.1) + 0(0.3) + 1(0.2) + 4(0.2) = 0.8 + 0.1 + 0 + 0.2 + 0.8 = 1.9.

Finally, calculate the variance:

Var(X)=E(X2)[E(X)]2=1.9(0.1)2=1.90.01=1.89.\text{Var}(X) = E(X^2) - [E(X)]^2 = 1.9 - (0.1)^2 = 1.9 - 0.01 = 1.89.