Question

A point mutation comprising substitution of purine with pyrimidine is called as
A. Transition
B. Transversion
C. Deletion
D. Translocation

Answer 1

Point mutations are those changes that influence a solitary base pair. The most widely recognized nucleotide changes are substitution, in which one base is supplanted by another. These can be of two kinds, either transitions or transversions.

Complete step by step answer:
To conclude with the answer, we will understand each term one by one.
The change is the replacement of one kind of base by another of its own sort. Consequently, purine is supplanted with purine (adenine to guanine and the other way around) and pyrimidine is supplanted with a pyrimidine (cytosine to thymine/uracil and the other way around) just; alternative A is incorrect. Replacement of purine base for a pyrimidine base or replacement of pyrimidine base for a purine base is called transversion. Consequently, adenine is supplanted with thymine/uracil and guanine with cytosine which makes option B right. Revamp of the chromosomal section between two non-homologous chromosomes is called movement; choice C is inaccurate. Evacuation of at least one nucleotide base to the DNA section is known as deletion. It can eliminate one to numerous nucleotide bases from the DNA bringing about shortening of the encoded proteins which are generally non-utilitarian which makes choice C wrong.
So, the correct answer is option B.

Note:
-Transitions: supplanting of a purine base with another purine or substitution of a pyrimidine with another pyrimidine
-Transversions: supplanting of a purine with a pyrimidine or the other way around.
There is a deliberate distinction in transformation rates for transitions(Alpha) and transversions(Beta).Transition mutations are around multiple times more normal than transversions.