Question

A phenomenon where the third base of t-RNA at its 5’ end can pair with a complementary base of m-RNA is called
A. Degeneracy
B. Wobbling
C. Universality
D. Collinearity

Answer 1

Hint:- Central dogma is a process in which DNA carries genetic information for making a protein in a unidirectional way, which are copied by RNA (DNA to RNA to PROTEIN). Genetic code is a set of instructions in a gene by which information is encoded into genetic material (DNA or RNA) and cells use these sets of rules to explicate the nucleotide sequence inside a molecule of mRNA.

Complete step-by-step solution:-
Genetic information transferred from DNA to mRNA by transcription and transmitted to protein through translation on the ribosome. Four nucleotides A, U, G and C in mRNA form a total 64 different combinations; these triplet nucleotides are known as codons. Out of these 64 codons, 61 represents amino acids and left three represents stop signals, for end of protein synthesis. These 64 codons code for 20 amino acids, due to this the redundant codons codes for the same amino acids. For example, UCU, UCC, UCA, UCG encodes for serine, in this all codons are the same except third position. This third position is a wobble position which can change but still encodes the same amino acid. Degeneracy is a property of genetic codons in which the third position of codons differ and codes for the same amino acid. So, the phenomenon where the third base of t-RNA at its 5’end can pair with a complementary base of mRNA is called Degeneracy.
The correct answer is option A- Degeneracy.

Note:-
Genetic code degeneracy allows the organisms to blossom on earth. The organisms which were extinguished till now from this planet are supposed to not be able to use a degenerate genetic code. The negative impact of random mutation is reduced by a cellular mechanism degeneracy.