Question

A person was complaining of excessive thirst and excretion of large amounts of urine. The treating doctor gave some medicines but did not advise him to stop taking sugar in his foods. Name the disease and explain what happens in it?

Answer 1

Thirst is the way the body tells you it is in need of fluids. You should be able to quench your thirst reasonably fast under normal circumstances.
However, it could be a sign of a serious health issue if the desire to drink remains persistent or does not go away after you drink, especially if coupled with other symptoms.

Complete Answer:
The person has been diagnosed with Diabetes mellitus
- Diabetes mellitus is a condition that prevents the energy from the food you consume from being used properly by your body. In one of the following cases, diabetes occurs:
- The pancreas produces little insulin or no insulin at all (an organ behind your stomach). Insulin is a naturally occurring hormone released by pancreatic beta cells that helps the body use sugar for energy purposes.
- Insulin is released by the pancreas, but the insulin generated does not function as it should. Insulin resistance is called this disease.
- Millions of cells make up the body. The cells need food in a very simple form to produce energy. Most of your food is broken down into a simple sugar called glucose while you are eating or drinking. Blood vessels and blood are highways that carry sugar from which it is either taken in (the stomach) or produced (in the liver) to cells where it is used (muscles) or processed (fat).
- Glucose provides the energy the body requires for everyday activities.Sugar itself is not able to go into the cells. The pancreas releases insulin into the blood, which acts as the helper, or the "main," which enables sugar to be used as energy in the cells.
There are two types of diabetes namely Type 1 and Type 2. Other types include Gestational diabetes.

There are several risk factors which causes diabetes:
- Age and stress in physical terms.
- Autoimmune and genetic diseases.
- High blood pressure.
- Abnormal amounts of cholesterol in the blood or triglycerides.
- Smoking.
- Overweight.
- Usage of such drugs, including steroids

Symptoms include:
- Increased thirst.
- Increased hunger (especially after eating).
- Dry mouth.
- Frequent urination.
- Weight loss even when eating and feeling hungry).

Note: Controlling blood sugar by diet, oral medicine or insulin is the primary remedy. Regular screening for complications is also required.