Question

(a) Illustrate the recognition sequence of EcoRI and mention what such sequences are called?
(b) How does restriction endonuclease act on a DNA molecule?

Answer 1

DNA sequencing is a technique for determining the exact sequence of bases (A, C, G, and T) in a DNA molecule in a laboratory setting. The information a cell needs to assemble protein and RNA molecules is contained in the DNA base sequence. Scientists looking into the functions of genes need to know the DNA sequence.

Complete answer:
DNA sequence knowledge is now required for basic biological research as well as a variety of applied fields such as medical diagnosis, biotechnology, forensic biology, virology, and biological systematics. The comparison of healthy and mutated DNA sequences can be used to diagnose a variety of diseases, including cancers, characterize antibody repertoires, and guide patient treatment.
EcoRI (pronounced "eco R one") is a restriction endonuclease enzyme found in E. coli bacteria. It's a restriction enzyme that cleaves DNA double helices into fragments at specific sites as part of the restriction-modification system.
5' G^AATTC 3'
3'CTTAA^G 5' Palindromic sequences are the names given to these types of sequences.
A restriction enzyme, also known as a restriction endonuclease or restrictase, is an enzyme that cleaves DNA into fragments at or near restriction sites within molecules. Restriction enzymes are a subset of the larger endonuclease enzyme family.
When a restriction endonuclease recognizes a sequence, it catalyzes the hydrolysis (splitting of a chemical bond by the addition of a water molecule) of the bond between adjacent nucleotides, slicing through the DNA molecule.

Note:
A piece of DNA that has been created by combining at least two fragments from two different sources is known as recombinant DNA. Because DNA molecules from all organisms have the same chemical structure, recombinant DNA is possible. The only difference is the nucleotide sequence within that identical overall structure. Chimeric DNA is a term used to describe recombinant DNA molecules.