Question

(a) Ethanoic acid reacts with ethanol in the presence of concentrated ${H_2}S{O_4}$.

1. Name the organic product formed.
2. BGive the name of the reaction.
3. What is the role of ${H_2}S{O_4}$ ​ in the above reaction?
   (b) The molecular formula of an organic compound is $C{H_3}COOH$ .
4. Write the IUPAC name of this compound.
5. Give one use of this compound.

Answer 1

‌ To solve this question, we must first understand some basic concepts about Ethanoic Acid and its reaction with ethanol. Then we need to assess the reaction and go through it and then answer each of the asked questions regarding that and then only we can conclude the correct answer.

Complete step by step answer:
Before we move forward with the solution of this given question, let us first understand some basic concepts about ethanoic acid:
Ethanoic Acid: systematically named as Acetic acid, is a colourless liquid organic compound with the chemical formula $C{H_3}COOH$ . When undiluted, it is sometimes called glacial acetic acid. Vinegar is no less than $4\%$ acetic acid by volume, making acetic acid the main component of vinegar apart from water.
Esterification reaction: When carboxylic acid reacts with alcohol, the product formed is known as an ester. Below is an example of the formation of an ester from the reaction of ethanoic acid with absolute ethanol in the presence of an acid as a catalyst.
$C{H_3}COOH\,\,\, + \,\,{C_2}{H_5}OH\,\, \to \,\,\,C{H_3}COO{C_2}{H_5}$
(a) When Ethanoic acid reacts with ethanol in the presence of concentrated ${H_2}S{O_4}$ :
$C{H_3}COOH\,\,\, + \,\,{C_2}{H_5}OH\,\,\xrightarrow{{{H_2}S{O_4}}}\,\,\,C{H_3}COO{C_2}{H_5}$
The organic product formed is ‘Ethyl ethanoate’ $(C{H_3}COO{C_2}{H_5})$ .

1. The name of the reaction is 'Esterification'.
2. In this reaction concentrated ${H_2}S{O_4}$​ acts as a catalyst.
   (b) Organic compound whose molecular formula is $C{H_3}COOH$ :
3. Its IUPAC name is ‘Ethanoic acid’.
4. It is used for making vinegar which is used as a preservative in food and fruit juices.

Note: Acetic acid is the second simplest carboxylic acid. It consists of a methyl group attached to a carboxyl group. It is an important chemical reagent and industrial chemical, used primarily in the production of cellulose acetate for photographic film, polyvinyl acetate for wood glue, and synthetic fibres and fabrics.