Question

A copper rod moves parallel to the horizontal direction. The induced emf developed across its ends due earth’s magnetic field will be maximum at the
A. Equator
B. Latitude $30$
C. Latitude $60$
D. Poles

Answer 1

Let us know about emf. The electric potential generated by an electrochemical cell or by changing the magnetic field is known as electromotive force. Electromotive force is frequently abbreviated as EMF. Energy is converted from one form to another using a generator or a battery. One terminal becomes positively charged, while the other becomes negatively charged in these devices. As a result, an electromotive force is work performed on a single unit of electric charge.

Complete step-by-step solution:
The magnetic field that extends from the Earth's interior out into space, where it interacts with the solar wind, a stream of charged particles emerging from the Sun, is known as the geomagnetic field. Electric currents generated by the movements of convection currents of molten iron and nickel in the Earth's outer core generate the magnetic field; these convection currents are triggered by heat escaping from the core, a natural phenomenon known as a geodynamo. The Earth's magnetic field at its surface has a magnitude ranging from $25$ to$65{\text{ }}\mu T$.
The earth's magnetic field will be stronger at the copper rod's poles. This is explained using the Lorentz force, which states that the magnetic field is formed as a result of charge movement.
The magnetic dipole, which is comparable to a bar magnet and is inclined $11$ degrees from the earth's axis of rotation, is used to define the earth's magnetic field.

Note: The magnetosphere is the space region above the ionosphere that is defined by the Earth's magnetic field. It stretches into space for tens of thousands of kilometres, shielding the Earth from charged particles in the solar wind and cosmic rays that would otherwise deplete the upper atmosphere, including the ozone layer, which protects the Earth from damaging UV radiation.