Question
Question: (1) Immunity means the ability of a body to recognize, destroy and eliminate external disease-causin...
(1) Immunity means the ability of a body to recognize, destroy and eliminate external disease-causing agents.
(2) Vaccination helps a person to acquire immunity against a certain disease.
(3) The vaccine is a solution containing the disease-causing organisms in a diluted or weekend form.
(4) The commonly used vaccines are DPT, BCG, hepatitis vaccine, polio vaccine, typhoid vaccine etc. Select the correct statement:
(A) Only A
(B) A and B
(C) C and D
(D) All of the above
Solution
Vaccine and Immunity are interlinked to each other as vaccines prevent diseases by creating a shield as like the normal immune system of the body does. It is administered externally.
Complete step by step answer: Vaccine is a biological preparation that provides immunity to a particular infectious disease. A vaccine typically contains an agent that resembles a disease-causing microorganism and is often made from weakened or killed forms of the microbe or its toxins. The immune system of the body functions to protect it against the invasion of germs or microbes. When an individual is vaccinated against the disease or infection, his or her immune system is prepared to fight the infection. Some of the commonly used vaccines are hepatitis vaccine, polio vaccine, typhoid, vaccine, BCG vaccine, etc. There are two main types of immunity; acquired immunity and adaptive immunity. The two major divisions of adaptive immunity, i.e antibody and T- cell-mediated are mainly directed at different targets. Antibodies usually function by binding to free viral particles, and in doing so blocks infection to the host cell. In contrast, T-cells act principally by recognizing and destroying virus-infected cells.
Hence, the correct answer is option D.
Additional Information: There are 5 types of vaccines:
i. Live-attenuated Vaccine
ii. Inactivated Vaccines
iii. Subunit, recombinant, polysaccharide vaccines
iv. Conjugate vaccines
v. Toxoid vaccines
There are three types of Immunity in humans: they are,
i. Innate Immunity or Natural Immunity
ii. Adaptive Immunity or Active Immunity
iii. Passive Immunity
Note: Vaccines such as tetanus (T), whooping cough (pertussis) are usually administered through needle injections, but it can also be administered by mouth or sprayed into the nose.
Some of the vaccines are given by the government free of cost.