Question

0.120 kg of copper of specific heat capacity 100cal/kg/C and at 20 degree Celsius is heated by a burner for two minutes, which supplies heat energy at a rate of 20 calories/sec. Calculate the final temperature of copper in:

Answer 1

In this question, we will use the relation between heat, mass, heat capacity, and temperature. Further, by putting the given values we will get the required result. We will also study the basics of temperature and energy, for our better understanding.
Formula used:
$H = mc{\theta _R}$

Complete step by step solution:
As we know that specific heat capacity is termed as the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of 1 kilogram of a substance by 1 Kelvin
Let us suppose that the rise in temperature be ${\theta _{\text{R}}}$
Heat supplied to copper is given as:
$mc{\theta _R}$
Now, when we substitute the given values in above equation, we get:
$2400cal = 0.12 \times 100 \times {\theta _R}$
\eqalign{& {\theta _R} = \dfrac{{2400}}{{0.12 \times 100}} \cr & {\theta _R} = {200^ \circ }C \cr}
The final temperature of the water at t=0 will be given as:
$\therefore T = {20^ \circ }C$
Therefore, we get the required answer, which gives the final temperature of copper.
Additional information: As we know that the temperature is defined as the quantity that is measured by any thermometer. Also, we know here temperature is related to the average kinetic energy of atoms and molecules of the given system.
As we know about the term absolute zero, it is defined as the temperature at which there is no molecular motion in the provided system. Further, we know that there are generally three different temperature scales, namely: Celsius, Fahrenheit, and Kelvin.
Now as we know that energy is generally defined as the ability to do any work. Also, energy can be found or converted in many things and energy can be obtained in many different forms, for example-kinetic energy is the energy of motion, and potential energy is energy due to an object's position.
We should also know about the power. Here, we can define power as the amount of energy which is transferred per unit time. In the International System of power is given by watt. Also, we know that power is a scalar quantity, which means that power has only magnitude not direction.

Note: We should remember that the law of conservation of energy can never be violated in any situation or case. Also, according to the law of conservation of energy, which states that energy can neither be created nor be destroyed; rather it can only be transferred from one form to another. Also, the S.I unit of temperature is Kelvin (K).