Solveeit Logo
Login

Question

Question: الشكل التخطيطي يوضح مولداً كهربياً يتصل ملفه بجلفانومتر. لديك ثلاثة تعديلات مقترحة: (I) وضع مصدر م...

الشكل التخطيطي يوضح مولداً كهربياً يتصل ملفه بجلفانومتر.

لديك ثلاثة تعديلات مقترحة:

(I) وضع مصدر متردد بدلاً من الجلفانومتر.

(II) وضع بطارية بدلاً من الجلفانومتر. حلقتان منزلتان

(III) وضع أسطوانة معدنية مشقوقة إلى نصفين بدلاً من الحلقتين المعدنيتين.

أي التعديلات السابقة تلزم لتحويل المولد الموضح بالشكل إلى محرك كهربي؟

A

التعديل (II) فقط.

B

التعديل (I) فقط.

C

التعديلان (II) ، (III) معا.

D

التعديلان (I) ، (III) معا.

Answer

ج- التعديلان (II) ، (III) معا.

Explanation

Solution

To convert the given electrical generator into an electric motor, we need to understand the fundamental differences between them:

  1. Function: A generator converts mechanical energy into electrical energy, while an electric motor converts electrical energy into mechanical energy.

  2. Input/Output: A generator produces current (output), measured by a galvanometer. A motor requires current (input) from a power source.

  3. Commutation: The type of current (AC or DC) and desired motion (continuous rotation) determine the type of commutator/slip rings used. The given diagram shows an AC generator with slip rings (حلقتان منزلتان), which produce alternating current.

To make it an electric motor, the following changes are required:

  • Power Source: Instead of a galvanometer (which measures current), an electric motor needs a power source to supply current to its coil.

    • Modification (I) suggests placing an AC source.
    • Modification (II) suggests placing a battery (DC source). For a general electric motor, either can work depending on the type of motor desired. However, if we aim for a DC motor (which is a common conversion from a basic generator setup), a battery is required.

  • Commutator for DC Motor: For continuous, unidirectional rotation in a DC motor, the direction of current in the coil must be reversed every half rotation. This is achieved by a split-ring commutator (أسطوانة معدنية مشقوقة إلى نصفين), which replaces the slip rings.

    • Modification (III) suggests placing a metallic cylinder split into two halves (a split-ring commutator) instead of the two metallic rings (slip rings). This is crucial for a DC motor.

Combining these requirements: To convert the AC generator into a DC electric motor, we need to:

  1. Replace the galvanometer with a DC power source (battery). This corresponds to Modification (II).

  2. Replace the slip rings with a split-ring commutator. This corresponds to Modification (III).

Therefore, both modifications (II) and (III) are necessary to convert the generator into a functional DC electric motor.